Saturday, August 14, 2010

Agrarian Reform and Peasant movements, naghihingalo


Doy Cinco

Tulad ng kilusang paggawa, marami ang naniniwala na humina at halos naghihingalo na ang kilusang magsasaka sa Pilipinas. Bukud sa hati-hati, iba-iba ang agenda at interest, nagbago ang terrain, kalagayan at konteksto ng relasyon sa paggawa, matapos ang ikalawang digmaang pandaigdig (WW2) at naibagsak ang diktadurya, may ilan dekada na ang nakalipas.

Halos yurak-yurakan at durugin na ng Cojuangco-Hacienda Luisita Inc (HLI) ang grupo ng mga farm workers. Ang tatlong dekadang
"social justice at poverty reduction program" ng Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) na makailang beses ng kinatay sa Kongreso (paburan ang mga casique at landed elite) ay dedesisyunan na ng Korte Suprema. Ano man pagroromantisa, tulong suporta, kilos protesta at pagbabanta ay tila wala ng epekto. (Larawan: http://www.bomboradyo.com/index.php/news/top-stories/14543-cash-distribution-sa-luisita-farmers-binatikos)

Kamakailan lang, ilang personalidad, Obispo, maka-Kaliwang partylist organization, reform advocates at NGOs ang kumundina sa naging aksyon ng HLI sa P20.0 milyong sapi na inihatag sa mga farm workers bilang compromise agreement. Pinanindigang
"ipamahagi" ang mga lupang sakahan at nanawagang "maki-alam" si Noynoy Aquino, bilang may 1.0% share of stock sa hacienda at presidente ng bansa. Ang tanong ng marami, sa kasalukuyang sistema, "ang distribusyon ba ng mga lupain ay "kahulugan ba ng kasaganahan, kaunlaran at demokratisasyon sa kanayunan lalo na sa hanay ng mga farm workers o isang materyales na lamang sa propaganda ang isyu?

Kung sasang-ayunan ng Korte Suprema ang nasabing kasunduan, ipamamahagi ng HLI ang natitirang P130.0 milyong halaga sa mga tao. Kung babalikan, dalawang opsyon ang kasunduan, tanggapin ang parselang lupain o panatilihin ang stock sa korporasyon. Sa kasawiang palad,
"mas naniguro ang mga tao at nanaig ang option na share of stock (stock distribution option - SDO) imbes na lupa."

Palatandaang mahina na ang mga organisasyon ng mga farm workers maging ang kanilang ka-affiliate na kilusang magbubukid sa bansa. May grupong nirereject ang CARP at nananawagang
"kompiskahin" ang mga lupain ng panginoong maylupa bilang pagtugon sa "demokratikong rebolusyong bayan." May mga "reform advocates" na tumitingin sa balangkas ng “bibingka strategy,” may grupong nagpapatupad ng pananakahang kapital (corporate farming at market based), agri-business at talamak na land conversion. May tumanda na, parating lugi, sawa’t pagod na sa gawaing pagbubukid, nagbago ng istatus at nangibangbansa (OFW).

Habang naghihingalo ang estado ng sektor, mainit ang diskurso sa kung paano pinanghahawakan ang isyung umaapekto sa kanayunan. Sa kaso ng HLI, mahirap maisa-isang tabi ang isyu ng labor-management na tunggalian. May nagsasabing maaaring nasa
"balangkas na ng trade unionism ang labanan o dili kaya, na sa usapin na ng rural developments, integrated approached at wala na sa orbit ng classic na panawagang repormang agraryo."

Dagdag pa, malaki ang kakulangan sa representasyon ng mga institusyong politikal ang kilusang magsasaka. Ang panawagang demokratisasyon sa kanayunan ay malungkot na pinangungunahan at inisyatiba na ng landed elite at estado. Dominado, matatag at matibay ang political authoritarian at economic institusyon sa kanayunan ng mga angkang makapangyarihan. Isa ito sa mga kadahilanan kung bakit hindi nakatugon ang Estado-gubyerno sa panawagan ng sinasabing
“organisado at broad-based” na kilusang magsasaka.

Sa katatapos na 2010 election sa Tarlac, landslide victory o 73.0% ang nakuhang boto ni Noynoy Cojuangco Aquino, habang 5.0% si Villar. May isang siglo (hundred years) ng kontrolado ng casique o landed elite ang pulitika't ekonomiya ng probinsya.

Mukhang kailangang mag-adapt at
"mag-rethink ang kilusang masa." Hindi maipagkakailang "may kakulangan ng masinsinang pagsusuri’t pag-aaral, pagtuklas ng makabago at creative approach sa pag-oorganisa't pakikibaka at pagkunsidera sa estratehiya at taktika." Walang dudang "naka-apekto sa kanayunan ang globalisasyon." May pagbabago sa terrain, lumalaki ang bilang ng “inpormal sektor,” habang unti-unting nawawala ang tunay na magsasaka (nasa minority) sa rehiyon.

Para sa pagpapalapad at pagpapalakas, ang ilan sa nag-e-emerge na mga bagong kilusan ngayon, bukud sa sectoral-based ay ang community building approached, "citizenship at local democratic movements" at ang matingkad na isyu sa ngayon ay ang karalitaan, kalikasan, unemployment, delivery of basic services, access sa resources. peace and order, representation at governance.

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